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Research Reveals How Visual And Auditory Information Converges Into The Firing Of Single Neurons
Pictures paint concepts of a thousand words - now, for the first time, scientists studying the brain have worked out how words paint concepts in our minds.
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Study Estimates Cost Added To Private Health Insurance Premiums To Cover Uncompensated Care
The average U.S. family and their employers paid an additional $1,017 in health care premiums in 2008 to pay for care of the uninsured, according to a study released on Thursday by Families USA, USA Today reports (Kim, USA Today, 5/28). According to the study, which examined federal data, the uninsured received $116 billion in health care from hospitals, physicians and other providers in 2008 and paid 37% of that amount. Government programs and charities covered an additional 26%, which left another 37%, or about $43 billion, unpaid. The study then estimated how those costs are when spread across the insured through higher premiums, the study found. According to the study, prepared by the actuarial firm Milliman, the average additional amount paid under private coverage for single individuals was about $370 per year (Werner, AP/Austin American-Statesman, 5/28). Families USA Executive Director Ron Pollack said, "This is a hidden tax on all insurance premiums, whether it is paid by business for their work or by families when they purchase their own coverage" (USA Today, 5/28).The study is available online.
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Pneumococcal Vaccine Reduces Child Deaths In Developing Countries
A new trial has found that pneumococcal vaccine is effective in preventing severe pneumonia, the leading cause of death among children in developing countries. Co-ordinated by the National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) between 2000 and 2004, a large scale efficacy trial first of its kind in Asia - was carried out in the Philippines to investigate the effect of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine.
Sexual Health

A Novel Marker Of Colorectal Carcinoma

Colorectal cancer is thought to result from a combination of environmental factors: diet, lifestyle, chronic inflammation and accumulation of specific genetic alterations. The pathogenesis and development of colorectal cancer involves multi-genes and multi-steps. TSPAN1 (GenBank Accession No. AF065388) is a new member of TM4SF located at chromosome 1 p34.1. It encodes a 241 amino acid protein. TSPAN1 was reported as a tumor-related gene recently. A research team led by Dr Jian-Wei Zhu from Nantong University, China, investigated the association between TSPAN1 and human colorectal adenocarcinoma. Their study was published on May 14, 2009 in the World Journal of Gastroenterology. In this study, total RNA was extracted in 20 human adenocarcinoma tissues for TSPAN1 mRNA assay by RT-PCR. Eighty-eight specimens of human colorectal adenocarcinoma were surgically removed. TSPAN1 protein levels in cancer tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal antibody against self-prepared TSPAN1. The correlation between TSPAN1 expression and the clinicopathological factors and the overall survival rate was analyzed by univariate and multivariate assay. By RT-PCR assay, it was shown that TSPAN1 mRNA was detected in 90.0% (18/20) of cancerous tissue. The light density of TSPAN1 mRNA expression levels was 0.89 ÷±0.30 in adenocarcinoma by gel-image system. TSPAN1 protein expression was detected in 78.41 %( 69/88) and weakly expressed in 40% normal colorectal tissues by immunohistochemistry. There were significant differences between colorectal adenocarcinoma and normal control epithelium (P World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15(18): 2270-2276 http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/15/2270.asp Correspondence to: Jian-Wei Zhu, Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, 20 Xi Si Road, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China. Lai-Fu Li World Journal of Gastroenterology


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